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Colonoscopy
Overview

A colonoscopy is an endoscopic procedure used to examine the large intestine from the rectum to the lower end of the small intestine. This is usually performed after the bowel has been cleansed with medication.

Your doctor will perform this procedure for the following reasons:

  • Presence of blood in the stools
  • Chronic diarrhea
  • Chronic constipation
  • Unexplained weight loss
  • Anemia
  • Change in bowel habit
  • Colon cancer screening
  • Follow up of colon polyps

Our endoscopes are equipped with high definition technology to examine the lining more accurately and peristaltic flushing pumps to cleanse the bowel for a better examination. In addition, zoom magnification and narrow band imaging allow our doctors to scrutinize and predict a polyp's potential risk of cancer, even before it is removed.

In order to ensure a comfortable examination, doctors may select a variety of modern techniques such as using variable stiffness colonoscopes, carbon dioxide insufflation instead of air, an ultra-thin colonoscope with passive bending technology, or a balloon enteroscope. These methods have enhanced our ability to complete the colon examination even in patients with previous unsuccessful colonoscopies due to bowel scarring.

This article was published by Khoo Teck Puat Hospital and updated in 2026.