Phimosis

• This is a condition where a male's foreskin cannot be retracted (or pulled back).
• The foreskin usually loosens over time by the age of 3 years old and should be complete for most by teenage years (ages 13–17).
• May cause swelling or ballooning during urination and can lead to urinary infections.
• Can be electively treated with circumcision (usually a day surgery procedure).

Paraphimosis

• A condition affecting uncircumcised males where the foreskin is retracted but cannot be pulled forward over the tip of the penis.
• Causes swelling and pain, and requires immediate treatment.
• Circumcision is recommended after recovery to prevent recurrence.

Balanoposthitis

• Infection of the foreskin and glans penis, occurring only in uncircumcised males.
• Risk factors include poorly controlled diabetes, sexually transmitted infections, eczema, and psoriasis.
• Symptoms include pain, irritation, fever, chills, difficulty passing urine, burning sensation, and abnormal discharge.
• Seek medical treatment if these symptoms occur.

Penile Curvature

• Abnormal curvature of the penis during erection.
• Mild cases may not require treatment.
• Severe cases affecting sexual function may require surgery.

Urethral discharge

• Abnormal discharge from the urethra, possibly due to infection.
• Consult a doctor for evaluation.

Penile lumps

• Abnormal growths on the penis, which may be benign or cancerous.
• Causes include penile cancer, penile warts, and benign cysts.
• Symptoms may include discharge, pain, or bleeding.
• Consult a doctor if a lump is present.